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It is located in the east central part of the country, between 17°10' and 22°38' North and between 93°55' and 98°38' West. It has a mainland area of 72,815 km² and includes several islands in the Gulf of Mexico totalling another 58 km². Veracruz borders the states of Tamaulipas to the north, Oaxaca and Chiapas to the south, Tabasco to the southeast, Puebla, Hidalgo, and San Luis Potosi to the west, and the Gulf of Mexico to the east. Its capital is Xalapa, located in the northern part of the state. With more than 7 million inhabitants, the state of Veracruz is the third most populous in the nation, after the Federal District and the state of México. On the coastal plains and throughout most of the state, the climate is hot and humid. On the foothills of the mountains, the climate is cool and humid. The climate only becomes cold in the mountain regions, where it also rains copiously. Veracruz is occasionally affected by hurricanes from June to October. Its formal name is Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave in honor of General Ignacio de la Llave, who died in 1863 after wounds received during the French invasion of Mexico. The official title of this Mexican state was Veracruz-Llave from 1863 to 2004. In 1865, rather than surrendering to American forces, Major General Sterling Price of the Confederate States of America, Missouri's highest ranking military officer led his army to Mexico where he became leader of a colony of Confederate exiles at Carlota in the state of Veracruz. On January 1, 2007, a combined band of high school children from Xalapa, Veracruz were given the honor of representing Mexico in the Rose Parade as one of the many marching bands. Banda Delfines played and sang the easily recognized La Bamba dressed in traditional white Guayabera, white Pants, red handkerchief, white sombrero and white boots that the song is performed to. Click
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Veracruz is the name of both a state in Mexico and that state's largest city. The city of Veracruz is a major port city on the Gulf of Mexico in the Mexican state of Veracruz. It is Mexico's second largest Gulf city (after Tampico) and an important port on Mexico's east coast. It is located 105 km(65 mi.) along Federal Highway 140 from the state capital Xalapa, and is the state's most populous city, with a population of about 500,000 in 2000. It is often referred to as Puerto de Veracruz to distinguish it from the state. The people of Veracruz are known as jarochos. The sea port was founded by Hernán Cortés, who first landed there in 1519 at the start of his quest to conquer Mexico for Spain. It was named La Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz ("The Rich Town of the True Cross"; the name is also occasionally given as La Rica Villa de la Vera Cruz). It was the main port of New Spain, the port where silver from the mines of Mexico was loaded onto the Spanish treasure fleets for shipment to Spain. The port was harassed by hostile powers and by pirates; pirate bands succeeded in pillaging the city in 1653 and in 1712. In response to such dangers the large fortress of San Juan de Ulúa was built on an island in the harbor, beginning in 1565 and substantially expanded several times later. A natural harbor, Veracruz has been fought over throughout its history, and boasts the title "Four Times Heroic" in reference to the expulsion of the Spanish in 1815, the 1838 occupation of the French Navy in the Pastry War, and resistance to the United States's occupations of 1847 and 1914 (see: Siege of Veracruz and U.S. occupation of Veracruz, 1914). During the Mexican-American War, US forces led by Gen. Winfield Scott took the city on March 29, 1847 after a siege. It was captured by France in 1838 and again in 1861. In 1914 it was occupied by the United States for seven months because of the Tampico Affair, this time under Major General Frederick Funston. The railroad connecting Veracruz to Mexico City, 425 km (264 mi.) inland over mountain ranges, was constructed during the administration of Benito Juárez and inaugurated in 1873. Click to read more on Wikipedia
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The
state of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave is one of the 31 states that compose
Mexico (does not include the Mexican Federal District).